What is an accent for acting?

Accent work has existed in acting for as long as acting has included characters. Even if it was unintentional, an actor adopting the affectation of an old neighbor, work colleague, or friend so perfectly fit the character they are playing that they ended up incorporating their accent into the grander work

In the real world, accents are a major part of people's identities. Whether they embrace it or sometimes even try to hide it, accents are prevalent in our daily interactions whenever we talk. 

So, as we develop a character as an actor, adding the very personal touch of an accent can be the final piece of the puzzle of character design. Or perhaps it sits at the very forefront of a character defined by their voice, such as in a biopic or an homage to a particular region of the world.

No matter what, accents become a sort of vocal costume signaling to the audience information about the character they are seeing. A strong RP British accent conveys intelligence, grace, and grandeur whilst a smooth southern drawl can be a sign of strength, calm, and pride. Either way information is given to the audience as they fill in the gaps of the character's story based on their own perceived idea of the accent they are hearing.

Therefore, when thinking of an accent in acting, we must think of it as a tool, a prop, or a costume—something tangible and technical that is accurate, consistent, and without fail. Nothing will shatter the illusion of an audience member more than the realization what they are hearing is a farce or even worse a failed attempt at an accent. Though perhaps in comedy, those things can be an asset; the failure of the accent must be intentional and not a result of the actor's lack of skill or preparation.

So, how must actors approach accent work?"

They must view it as any other skill. If one were cast in a film where they must juggle it would seem obvious they should learn to juggle. The same is true of accent work; it is a functioning skill that involves training, practice, and upkeep. One could argue that actors who consistently work in accents are a sub-group of actors like ones who do their own stunts or have a musical ability. Applying the same level of dedication to accent work is key for success and for doing the accent with a level of respect.